利用外國期刊來尋找托福獨立寫作的文章思路
今天我將用English Digest雜志中的節選段落為大家解析與“城市”有關的托福寫作題目
題目是：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The rapid growth of cities can be seen as a positive development of the society.
按照技巧接受培訓的老鐵們一定清楚，看到這樣的利弊類型題，我們的解題思路一般就是設身處地地思考。
城市發展的表現是什么?
目前城市化的代表城市有什么優勢和劣勢?進而，把優缺點都列舉一些再決定是否寫positive development，也許從交通，醫療，娛樂，環境，公平，房價等方面我們已經能確定下來自己的文章傾向性，但是我還是非常建議大家看看我節選的如下段落，以外國期刊的視角去思考問題和積累素材與表達法
As cities grow, perhaps our most serious concern should be how they expand out into the surrounding countryside.擴展到周邊村落 Contrary to popular belief, over the past century urban settlements have not only expanded demographically人口的, they have also sprawled outwards向外擴展-covering some of the world's most valuable farmland in the process.
1.expand out into the surrounding countryside.擴展到周邊村落;sprawled outwards向外擴展
2.Contrary to popular belief, 后加一句完整的句子表達一個小眾的想法：Contrary to popular belief, practice does not always make perfect.
3.covering some of the world's most valuable farmland in the process 這半句點明了城市快速擴展的壞處之一就是占用了有價值的農用地，換句話說就是糧食產量會受損，饑餓問題嚴重化。
If the urban population城市人口 and long-term de-densification長期人口密度下降 trends continue, the area of the planet covered by urban settlements will increase to more than 3 million sq km by 2050. And since the most intensively cultivated集約化的 farmland is typically located near where the bulk of the food is consumed, much of this additional 2million sq km is currently our most productive高產的 farmland.
這段給我們的素材集中在最后一句：集中化程度高的耕地通常位于主要的糧食消費地附近，也就是城市化地帶，進而城市的擴張最容易傷害到的就是我們兩是產量最多的地方，這就是為什么上一段會提到“糧食產量受損”。
A key determinant of rampant泛濫的 urban sprawl-especially in North America, where it is a particularly serious problem -has been the existence of cheap oil. When oil prices reached record highs歷史最高點 in 2008 and exacerbated加速 the global economic crisis, the people who travelled furthest tended to be the first to default on違約;不償還債務 their mortgage payments.
這段我們讀到一個城市擴張的原因：便宜的油價。同時，油價最高點在2008年出現并加速了全球經濟危機。這句可以當作背景句出現在開頭段或者展開部分開始論述的原因事實句。
我們現在回歸最初的托福獨立寫作題目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The rapid growth of cities can be seen as a positive development of the society.
比如，你想支持的是城市擴大的消極影響較多，分論點和展開可以是：To begin with, the rapid growth of urban may suffer people from financial difficulties. Similar to the situation people encountered in 2008, when old price reached record highs and exacerbated the global economic crisis, the people who travelled furthest tended to be the first to default on their mortgage payments, the extended urban forces people to commute long distances every day, which undoubtedly increases their living costs. Therefore, if the demand for oil inclines someday, so does the price, those with great oil consumption will be firstly get into financial trouble, and obviously, more than a few will be affected.
接下來我們繼續根據這篇文章進行賞析句型：
As their fuel expenses for traveling to work and school rocketed, their capacity to afford urban sprawl drastically diminished. Visiting Detroit a few weeks ago, I found that of the city's 300,000 buildings, 70,000 currently stand empty-and mostly derelict.
Visiting Detroit a few weeks ago, I found that of the city's 300,000 buildings, 70,000 currently stand empty-and mostly derelict. 在這句中，狀語從句簡化成了現在分詞的形式，結構：Doing, SVO. 需要注意的是visiting的施動者是I 原來的狀語從句是：When I visited Detroit a few weeks ago, I found that of the city's 300,000 buildings, 70,000 currently stand empty-and mostly derelict.
From the 1960s onwards, the city built more and more ring roads to suburbanize郊區化 the middle and upper classes into the surrounding countryside and in the process that bankrupted Detroit's urban core, leaving it unable to manage the economic impact of the closure of its once-giant car factories.劃線部分是doing的結構，表示前一主句帶來的影響，是狀語部分，可翻譯為：從上世紀60年代起，這最城市修建了越來越多的環路，以實現郊區化，使中上階層向周邊的鄉村地區遷移，但這一過程也徹底破壞了底特律的城市核心，令其無法應對昔日規模巨大的汽車工廠倒閉所造成的經濟沖擊。
好啦，以上就是我為大家介紹的利用外國期刊來尋找托福獨立寫作的文章思路的方法介紹，其中包括國外學者對于社會議題的看法，外國人眼中常用句型和一些數據及例子。今天的文章賞析就介紹到這里，希望大家受益!蟹蟹!
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