在考研英語閱讀的真題中，很多文章都是來源于英美主流外刊，所以在閱讀的時候，不僅要認識單詞，熟悉語法，還需要對英美文化和他們的表達方式有所了解，掌握他們語言下面的潛臺詞是關鍵。下面比網校為大家帶來一篇雙語閱讀《灰塵減少反而會加劇空氣污染！》，一起來看看吧。
導讀: 大家都是提塵色變，然而最新研究發現灰塵減少空氣質量反而變差，這是為什么呢?
Airborne dust is normally seen as an environmental problem, but the lack of it is making air pollution over China considerably worse.
空氣中的灰塵通常被視為一個環境問題，但缺乏灰塵反而會對中國的空氣污染造成相當嚴重的影響。
A new study suggests less dust means more solar radiation hits the land surface, which reduces wind speed.
一項新的研究表明，較少的灰塵意味著更多的太陽輻射到達地面，這降低了風速。
That lack of wind in turn leads to an accumulation of air pollution over heavily populated parts of China.
風力不足會反作用導致中國人口稠密地區空氣污染的積累。
The researchers found that reduced dust levels cause a 13% increase in human-made pollution in the region.
研究人員發現，該地區減少的灰塵水平導致人為污染上升13%。
Hundreds of millions of people across China continue to be impacted by air pollution from factories and coal-fired power plants.
全國數以萬計的人們將繼續受到工廠和燃煤電廠空氣污染的影響。
Studies suggest that the dirty air contributes to 1.6 million deaths a year, about 17% of all mortalities.
研究表明，受到污染的空氣每年造成160萬人死亡，約占死亡人數的17%。
But this new research says that the human-induced pollution is being made worse or better by naturally occurring dust that blows in from the Gobi desert.
但這項新的研究表明，由戈壁沙漠吹來的天然的灰塵正在使得人類造成的污染變得更糟或更好。
Using models to simulate 150 years of wind and dust patterns in the region, the researchers found that the dust deflects significant amounts of sunlight.
研究人員利用模型來模擬該地區150年的風沙模式，發現灰塵會減少大量的陽光照射。
Without it, more heat from the Sun hits the land. Differences in the temperatures between land and sea cause the winds to blow. Without the dust, the land warms up more and that changes the temperature differential with the sea leading to weaker breezes - and more air pollution.
沒有它，來自太陽的更多的熱量會到達地面。 陸地和海洋之間的溫差導致風的產生。沒有灰塵，地表溫度上升，與海洋的溫差變小，導致只能產生微弱的風，這樣就導致更嚴重的空氣污染。
"There are two dust sources. One is the Gobi and the other is the highlands of north-west China, but we found the Gobi had much more influence," said lead author Yang Yang, from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Washington State, US.
華盛頓州太平洋西北國家實驗室的楊楊告訴我們:“有兩個灰塵的來源，一個是戈壁，另一個是中國西北的高地，但我們發現戈壁的影響力更大。”
"Less dust in the atmosphere causes more solar radiation to reach the surface. It weakens the temperature difference between the land and the sea and impacts the circulation of the winds and causes a stagnation over eastern China and that causes an accumulation of air pollution."
“大氣中的灰塵減少導致更多的太陽輻射到達地面，削弱了陸地和海洋之間的溫差，影響了風場循環，造成了華東地區的空氣不流通，導致空氣污染不斷積累。
The decreases in dust emissions are considerable, varying by almost a third. The impact on winds speeds are quite small by comparison.
灰塵的排放量已經大大減少，減少了約三分之一。相比之下，對風速的影響卻相當小。
However, when this takes place on a large scale over a wide region, the small change in speed means a 13% increase in the amount of air pollution over eastern China during the winter.
但是，當這個現象大面積發生的時候，風速這點微小的變化意味著在冬天華東地區的空氣污染量增加了13%。
Another study has recently shown a link between declining Arctic sea ice and a major air pollution event in China in 2013.
另外一項研究表明最近北極的冰面不斷減少與2013年中國大氣污染事件有一定聯系。
The authors of the new study believe that both theories could be true.
這個研究的作者認為，這兩種理論都是有道理的。
"Our study has the same mechanism: the weakening of winds causes more pollution, and what is behind this needs to be studied," said Yang Yang.
楊先生說：“我們的研究講述的是同樣的機制：風速的減弱導致更多的污染，而更深層的原因需要進一步研究。”
"We have two views on this kind of weakening of wind. They found the sea ice, we found the dust-wind interaction can also lead to weakening of the wind. I think both of them are important."
“我們從兩個不同角度看風速變弱的原因。他們從冰面減少角度入手，而我們發現灰塵與風的相互作用也可能導致風速的減弱，我認為這兩者都是重要的。”
The researchers believe that the study may inform broader questions about how natural and human-created aerosols interact.
研究人員認為，這項研究可能會引發關于天然塵埃和人造污染物相互作用的更多的問題。
Many parts of the world, in addition to China, are now suffering from increased levels of air pollution and understanding how dust, winds and emissions work together may help limit some of the worst impacts of dirty air.
除了中國以外，世界上許多地方現在正在受到愈加嚴重的空氣污染的影響，知道塵埃、風和污染物如何一起產生作用有助于減少污染空氣產生的一些最嚴重的影響。
One of the key lessons from this study is that the absence of dusty conditions could mean the air you are breathing is worse for you, not better.
這項研究主要告訴我們，沒有塵埃可能意味著你呼吸的空氣更糟，而不是更好。
"Dust emissions can impair visibility, but they are not so harmful in terms of air quality." said Prof Lynn Russell from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in California.
加利福尼亞斯克里普斯海洋學研究所的林恩·羅素教授說：“除塵可以增加可見度，但是塵埃并不是那么影響空氣質量。”
"If it’s not a dusty year, you may be happy and spending more time outdoors because you don’t have this dust in the way, but you are actually going out to spend more time in more toxic air."
“如果現在不是塵土飛揚，你可能會感到幸福，愿意花更多的時間在戶外，因為不會浸沒在塵埃之中，但其實你在有害的空氣之中停留了更長的時間。”
The study has been published in the journal Nature Communications.
該研究已發表在雜質“Nature Communications”上。
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