考研閱讀真題的價值不用多說，每個同學都應該從真題中去汲取營養，另外在平時的復習中，還要注意攻克詞匯和語法長難句。堅持把考研閱讀真題做到精度，相信大家的詞匯和語法長難句一定會有大的突破，并且為強化階段的學習奠定堅實的基礎。下面比網校為大家分享2016年考研閱讀真題，1995年Text2。
There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language—all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we’re shy and indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we’re slow to adapt to change or that we’re not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all.
These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.
5. A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when _______.
[A] he has given up his smoking habit
[B] he has made great efforts in his work
[C] he is keen on learning anything new
[D] he has tried to determine where he is on his journey
6. In the author’s eyes, one who views personal growth as a process would _______.
[A] succeed in climbing up the social ladder
[B] judge his ability to grow from his own achievements
[C] face difficulties and take up challenges
[D] aim high and reach his goal each time
7. When the author says “a new way of being” (Para. 3) he is referring to _______.
[A] a new approach to experiencing the world
[B] a new way of taking risks
[C] a new method of perceiving ourselves
[D] a new system of adaptation to change
8. For personal growth, the author advocates all of the following except _______.
[A] curiosity about more chances
[B] promptness in self-adaptation
[C] open-mindedness to new experiences
[D] avoidance of internal fears and doubts
一、快速瀏覽選項，把握文章主題
根據題干中3次出現的“personal growth”,可知本文的主題一定與個人成長有緊密關聯。
二、精讀各段落，攻克詞匯和語法長難句
詞匯精解
(1)measurable (a.)可測量的;measure (n.) 尺寸、大小;[常用 pl.]措施，方法;(v.)測量，衡量
(2)contrast (n.)對照，差異;by~與之相反，in ~ with/to與……成反比;(v.)使與……對比，和……形成對照
(3)signpost (n.)路標
(4)landmark (n.)標志
(5)perceive (v.)意識到，察覺，感知，理解，領悟，~sth. as sth.把……看作
(6)indecisive (a.)優柔寡斷的;decisive (a.)決定性的，決斷的
(7)a shell of our own making我們自己建造的牢籠
長難句精解
①The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language—all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
該句破折號前是三個帶有定語從句修飾的名詞短語The worker…the student…the foreigner，破折號后是系表結構these are examples，其中的代詞these復指前面的三個核心名詞，people后跟有一個who引導的定語從句。
譯文：工人得到升遷、學生成績提高和外國人學會了一門新的語言——這些都可以表明人們付出努力之后，取得了可測定的成績。
②The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles.
此句主干是The process is not…but rather…，并列連詞not……but rather…意思是“不是……而是……”。如：The old man is not a coward, but rather a man of high spirit. 本句中but rather連接的表語成分是the attitudes and feelings people have 和their caution or courage。as引導的是時間狀語從句。
譯文：成長過程不是道路本身，而是當遭遇新的情況或未預料到的坎坷時所持的態度和情感，是慎重行事還是勇往直前。
三、作答題目，理解文章含義
5.【答案】A
【解析】推理判斷題。文章第一段談到，人們對待成長有兩種基本看法：將之視為結果和將之視為過程。該段第二句明確指出前者是人們通常持有的看法，即認為成長是一種外在的結果或成果，易于衡量。可以從該段最后作者給出的一系列例子去理解什么是外在結果。此外，最后一句中的“have measurable results to show for their efforts”表明這種觀點認為個人成長也是通過努力取得的結果。這樣答案就顯而易見了。只有A選項既是經過努力又是可以衡量的外在結果，故為正確答案。
B、C和D選項都屬于過程中付出的努力，結果卻不可測量，故都不對。
6.【答案】C
【解析】推理判斷題。有關視成長為過程的論述主要集中在第二段。這種觀點認為成長是一段旅程，而不是具體的標記。人們應該看重的是成長過程中的態度和情感而非點滴的成功標記。C選項就是一種遭遇困難時的態度，也與第二段末句 “new challenges to accept”觀點一致，為正確答案。
A選項是結果，而非過程。B選項顯然是從結果的角度去看待人的發展。D選項仍然是追求有“標志”的成功結果。因此都可以排除。
7.【答案】A
【解析】詞義句意題。題干中的短語出自第三段第二句中的how we see ourselves as we try a new way of being。該句之后，作者一連提出并列的三個問題，并給予了回答。三個問句及其回答分別是人由于對自身看法的不同而產生的不同處世方法：how we see ourselves是對三個問題的概括，而a new way of being這個關鍵詞則應該涵蓋三個回答的內容。A選項是簡練、全面的概括，為正確答案。being相當于existing，意為：處世生存方式。首先排除C，它涉及的是問句的內容，B和D選項雖然都在該段被提及，但是不具有概括性，應該排除。
8.【答案】D
【解析】態度題。第三段首句提到，為了成長，人們需要樂于冒險、勇于面對未知事物、接受“失敗”。接下來的一系列設問句說明了“快捷、有好奇心、抓住更多的機會、體驗不熟悉的事情、對付新挑戰”等的重要性，因此A、B和C選項都在文中提到。而第四段首句“這些不安全感和自我懷疑不僅是無法避免的，而且是必要的”充分表明作者對這些態度的肯定。由此可知，D選項與作者觀點不一致，而且從第四段第二句作者用的兩個假設也可看出他對躲避態度的否定，綜上所述可以推出D選項為正確答案。
四、 翻譯全文，再次鞏固復習詞匯和語法長難句
看待成長有兩種基本態度：一種視其為結果，一種視其為過程。人們通常視個人成長為容易被識別和衡量的一種外在結果或成果。工人得到升遷、學生成績提高和外國人學會了一門新的語言——這些都可以表明人們付出努力之后，取得了可測定的成績。相比之下，測定個人成長的過程卻要艱難得多。因為從定義來看，它是一段旅程，而不是沿途特定的路標或標志物。成長過程不是道路本身，而是當遭遇新的情況或未預料到的坎坷時所持的態度和情感，是慎重行事還是勇往直前。在這個過程中，旅行永遠不會真正結束;總是有新的方法來感受世界，總會嘗試新思想，接受新挑戰。
為了成長，為了探索新路，人們需要樂意去冒險，去勇敢面對未知事物，去接受他們也許會一開始就“失敗”的可能性。當我們嘗試一種新的生存方式時，我們如何看待自己對我們的成長能力至關重要。我們認為自己快捷、有好奇心嗎?如果是的話，那我們往往會抓住更多的機會，更愿意去體驗不熟悉的事情。我們認為自己靦腆、優柔寡斷嗎?那我們的羞怯感會使我們猶豫不決、行動緩慢，不到萬無一失絕不邁步。我們認為自己適應變化很慢且對付新挑戰也不夠機敏嗎?那么我們極可能會處事較被動或者根本放棄嘗試。
我們若想改變自己、有所成長，這些不安全感和自我懷疑感既無法避免也很有必要。如果我們不去面對并克服這些內心的恐懼和疑惑，如果我們過多地保護自己，那我們就一定會停止成長。我們會陷進自己營造的殼里面。
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