2016高考已經(jīng)進(jìn)入復(fù)習(xí)備考階段,高考英語語法是同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)之一,比網(wǎng)校在線高考網(wǎng)為大家整理了2016高考英語復(fù)習(xí)備考資料,供大家參考,以下是《2016高考英語語法講解:虛擬語氣》,更多2016高考備考資料請(qǐng)關(guān)注比網(wǎng)校在線高考網(wǎng)。
2016高考英語語法講解:虛擬語氣
虛擬語氣
1)虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀愿望或假想,所說的是一個(gè)條件,不一定是事實(shí),或與事實(shí)相反。虛擬語氣在條件句中應(yīng)用比較多。
2)條件句可分為兩類,一類為真實(shí)條件句,一類為非真實(shí)條件句。非真實(shí)條件句表示的是假設(shè)的或?qū)嶋H可能性不大的情況,故采用虛擬語氣。
16.1 真實(shí)條件句用于陳述語氣,假設(shè)的情況有可能發(fā)生。各種結(jié)構(gòu)參見下表:
句 型 條件從句 主句
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) shall/will + 動(dòng)詞原形
祈使句
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
例如:If he comes, he will bring his violin. 如果他來,會(huì)帶小提琴來的。
典型例題
The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained
答案B。真實(shí)條件句主句為將來時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
注意:
1)在真實(shí)條件句中,主句不能用be going to表示將來,該用shall, will.
(錯(cuò)) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.
(對(duì)) If you leave now, you will never regret it.
2)表示真理時(shí),主句謂語動(dòng)詞不用shall (will) +動(dòng)詞原形,而直接用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的動(dòng)詞形式。
16.2 非真實(shí)條件句
1)虛擬語氣可以表示過去,現(xiàn)在和將來的情況,時(shí)態(tài)的基本特點(diǎn)是時(shí)態(tài)往后推移。
a. 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)
條件從句 主句
一般過去時(shí)(be用were) should(would)等 +動(dòng)詞原形
例如:If they were here, they would help you. 如果他們?cè)谶@兒,會(huì)幫助你的。
含義:They are not here, they can’t help you.
b. 與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)
條件從句 主句
過去完成時(shí) should(would)等+ have+ 過去分詞
例如:If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.如果他昨天來的話,我會(huì)把這件事告訴他的。
含義:He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.
c. 表示對(duì)將來不大可能發(fā)生的事情的假想
條件從句 主句
一般過去時(shí) should/would等 + 動(dòng)詞原形
were+ 不定式
should+ 動(dòng)詞原形
例如:If you succeeded, everything would be all right. 如果你將來成功了,一切都會(huì)好的。
If you should succeed, everything would be all right.
If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.
含義:You are not likely to succeed, everything will be what it is now.
